Compressor



. W. FOURNESS COMPRESSOR Filed 0015.8, 1925 iTiI V Il. I, i.

Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

UNITED. STATES N1,696,673 PATENT OFFICE.

WILFRED FQURNESS, OIF."` PASAIDENA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE FOURNESS DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GOMPRESSOR.

'Application led October 8, 1925; Serial No. 61,372.

My invention relates to compressors of a type particularly adapted for use in refrigerating machines, although its use 1s not limited, and it has among its 'salient objects to provide an improved and compact construction and arrangement wherein the cylinder blocks aipeasilyremovable and wherein the pistons and valves are operated from eccentrics on the same shaft, thel arrangement being such that different units can be placed side by side within a saitable housing and operated from one shaft, both l the pistons'and the valves; to provide a construction in which a piston in one cylinder and a valve for -controlling the outlet from an adjacent c linder move together as a unit; to provi e a construction in which theentire cylinder block, pistons, and operating shaftcan be removed bodily from the housing, or compression chamber in which they are placed and in which the pressure 1s developed and retained; to provide inconnection therewith an arrangement'in which the pressure inQsaid compression chamber operates to cause a forced feed of'lubricant to parts needing lubrication; an( 1n general, to provide a simple, practical, and economical compressor of the character referred to.

In order to fully explain my invention, I have shown one practical form or embodiment thereof on the accompanying sheet of y drawings, in which,-

Figurev 1 is a vertical sectional view through a housing and a compressory mounted therein and in which my invention is embodied; y

Figure 2 is a perspective view of one .of the cylinder blocks removed; .y

Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of thev piston units, showing four pistons and the arrangement whereby they are all operated from the same shaft; and .Y

Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the eccentrics on the operating shaft, together with the block which moves the piston blocks or yokes. l.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, I will describe the invention as here 'illustrated. The housing is designated, 5, with an inlet port, 6, and with-an outlet port, 7

said housing having feet portions, 8, b means of which it can be properly anchore and it is also provided with the cooling ribs, as 9.

Within said housing is supported a compressor boy, 10,\through which extends an operating shaft, 11, havin bearings at 12 and 13, with suitable pac ing, 14, and a spring, 15, and regulating plug, 16. This compressor body 10 is fastened toV V the reinovable wall 42 of housing 5. In this instance, this is effected by casting the body 10 integrally with the wall 42, which also has provisions for accommodating the inlet port 6. Due to this-construction, the entire colnpressor assembly is simple. The lwall 42 can be fastened to, or removed from cas-r ing 5 while the cylinder and piston' assembly in body 10 is left intact on wall 42. A flexible connection, 17, is also shown.

Within the compressor body, 10, are

mounted four cylinder blocks, as .18, shownv detached in Fig. 2, having therein two cylinders,f19 and 20, and with ports through lthe sides, designated 21 and 22, and with valve openings or bores, 23 and 24, extending longitudinally of said cylinder blockand parallel with said cylinders, as indicated. The cylinder blocks four of which 'can be used, evenly spaced around a circle, `are alike and each is" provided with a ange, as.1 8, and with a packing ring, as 25, Iinterposed between the compressor body and the c. flange 18. While there are four cylinder blocks in the body, 10, only the two vertical ones are shown. Screws 26 are used .to se. cure said cylinder blocks in place, 'substantially as indicated, supporting anges 27, being shown in the housing. The compres- 1sor body 10, forms al receiving chamber,

around the cylinder blocks and the other mechanism now to be described, and into which receiving chamber the gas to be compressed is fed from the inlet port 6. The lower portion-of the main housing, 5, serves also as a reservoir for lubricant, designated, L, lfor lubricating the parts, as hereinafter referred to.

0n theV operating shaft, y11, within the` compressor body, are shown a plurality of eccentrics, 28, 29 and 30, each having kan eccentric yblock around it, as 28', 29 and 30',

one of said leccentrics and its4 block being shownin Fi 4, Aand the middle'unit being shown comp ete in Fig. 3. Said eccentric blocks operate yokes which carry valve members and pistons. Eccentric block 28 oper- ,ates a yoke, 31, having at its opposite sides,

valve members, as. 31a, operating vertically in the valve openings, 23, 23, in the cylinder blocks, 18, 18. Eccentric block 29', operates yoke, 32, having at its opposite ends, two pistons and two valve members, as 32 and 32', operatin in the cylinder blocks, 18, 18, as indicate Eccentric block 30', operates yoke 33,v having at its opposite ends, pistons, 33, 333. Each of said eccentric blocks lalso operates a horizontal yoke and a corresponding valve member, or piston, or both. This is illustrated in Fig. 3, in which a'horizbntal yoke, 34, fitting across yoke 32 and eccentric block 29', is shown, carrying at its opposite ends, pistons, 34, and valve members 34".

The eccentric block 28 opera-tes a horizontal yoke, 35, shown in section, Fig. 1, while yoke, 36, also shown in section, is operated by eccentric block Qsaid horizontal yokes carrying the Samacpiston or valve member, or both, as are carrle yokes. The operating shaft, 11, is provided with a central lubricating port, 37, extending into it from the inner end, and the eccentrics,

i 28, 29 and 30, are also provided with ports therein, indicated in light broken lines and communicating with the shaft port, 37, said ports in the eccentrics being designated, 28, 29, and 30a. The shaft bearing, 12, is provided with a port, 12,, communicating with al vertical pi e, 38, extending down into the lubricant, E, `as indicated, whereby pressure 4in said housing, 5, lforces lubricant up through said pipe, 38, and into the lubricat- -ing ports3', 1n the bearing shaft and in the eccentrics, for lubricatin said eccentrics and eccentric blocks, as wil be clear fromY the showing made. A safety valve is indicated in light broken lines, designated, 39, set in the top ofthe compressor body 10,l and operates to relieve the pressure in the main housing, 5, should it get beyondthe safety point, said safety valve operating to allow said pressure to escape back into'the compressor body 10, and to the inlet port 6..

From the foregoing description and illustrations, it will be seen that Ihave avoided ,the use of poppet valves or other valves which make a noise and are allected by the pressure created within the mechanism, and have provided ositive valve members working with and sing similar to the movin pistons with which the move to control the o` tlets from the cylin ers into thehousing 5, `ithin which the pressure is stored lfor use through the outlet port?.

lhe use and operation of the device described, may be briely set forth as vfollows: The gas supply, through the inlet port, 6,'

l is within the conpressor body, 10 and around the inwar blocks. y

rojectin c inder The inner end3 g y s of said cylinder by the corresponding vertical blocks are provided with the cylinder inlet ports, 21 and 22, Fig. 2, whereby as the pistons reach their extreme movement 1n one direction, said inlet ports,.21v and '22, i i

pressed gas through said port 4Q, and valve 'opening 23. The valve member, 32", moves `avith piston 32, but controls the port, 41, from cylinder, 20, in which piston, 33a, works. The valve members, such as 31a, are alll simple bars having uniform sectional areas throughout their lengths, since they each control ybut one opening, such as 40. These openings, when their corresponding valve members leave them uncovered, communicate directlywith the interior of housing 5, through the valve openings, ysuch as 23. And thus, by this simple iston and valve'arrailgeme'nt, I have provi ed ali efficient and practical compressor, all housed `within the com ressor member, l0, and enclosed within t iehousing, 5, within which the pressure is developed and kept, until released through outlet port 7, as will be understood by those versed in the art.

While I have shown and described one Ipracticalembodiment of the invention in this application, I am aware that changes can be made therein without departing from Sli the' spirit; thereof, and I do'not, therefore, l

ylimit the invention to the showing made except 'as I may be limited by the hereto appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a compressor, in combin tion, 'a compressor body, a plurality of cy inder blocks inserted thereinto with cylinders therein, said cylinder blocks having bores parallel with said cylinders for valve members, and having ,outlet ports, valve members reciprocating 1n said bores, and controlling only.

said outlet ports, pistons in said cylinders, ali-operating shaft, eccentrics connected for reciprocating said pistons and said valve members, and -`a housing for said compressor body intowhich discharge from said cyling ders is made during the reciprocating of said pistons and said valves.

2. In a compressor of the character re ferred to, a plurality of cylinder blocks with cylinder and valve bores therein parallel4 with each other, pistons in said cylinders, valve members in said valve bores, said valve bores controlling the outlet from said cylinde rs, a. plurality ofeccen'trics for operating said pistons and said valve members, some of said pistons .and valve members moving together as a unit, means for supplyinga substance to said cylinders to be compressed, and a housing into which said cylinders discharge said substance.

3. In a compressor, a plurality of cylinder and valve bores, pistonsl in said cylinders and valve members in said valve bores, nd

means for operating said pistons and va ve 4. In a compressor, a compressor body. a'

housing within which said compressor body is mounted, said compressor body having a plurality otl cylinders and valve bores therein, pistons in saidA cylinders and valve members in said valve bores, and meansI for operating said pistons andsaid val ve members, said means including a shaft, an ec;entric i thereon Within said compressor body, an eccentric block around said eccentric, a yoke over said eccentric block and moved thereby in opposite directions, said yoke carrying said pistons and said valve members, whereby to operate the same together, and means for supplying gas or the like to said compressor to be compressed into said housing.

5. In a mechanism in luding cylinders and pistons Working theiein, a valve control including valve bores parallel with said cylinders, valve members to reciprocate therein, means providing outlets from said cylinders through said valve bores, whereby said valve memberscontrol lthe outlets from said cylinders, and means for operatingsaid pistons and valve members and including eccentrics, means for revolving the same, eccentric blocks on said eccentrics to be moved thereby, yokes carried by said eccentric blocks, said yokes having said pistons and valve members connected therewith to be moved thereby, and means providing inlets and outlets from said cylinders.

6. In combination a body having a. plurality of cylinder bores and a plurality of valve bores therein, each paira cylinder and valve bore-being parallel with each other, a piston moving in said cylinder, a valve member moving in said valve bore,- an eccentric block and eccentric for operating the same` a yoke moved by eccentric block and provided at its opposite ends with a piston and a valve member, a second yoke operated by said eccentric block and provided at its opposite ends with pistons and valve members, whereby four pistons and four valve members are operated by said yokes and said eccentric block, means for supplying gas and `the like to said cylinders to be compressed, and a housing to receive said' compressed gas.

7. In arompressor, a housing, a detachable wall for the housing, said well having an aperture therein, a portion at least of said aperture extending parallel to the wall and said portion opening outside of the wall, and

'a compressor structure supported on said wall and having an inlet opening communieating with said aperture, and an outlet port discharging 4into the housing, said housing having an opening forming a delivery port.

8. In a compressor, a housing, a compressor structure in said housing having an outlet port 'adapted to discharge into the housing, said housing being fluid tight ex cept for an inlet and a delivery aperture, and a safety check valve in the housing and connected to the outlet port ot the compressor structure for limiting the pressure in the housing.

Signed at Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California, this 25th day of September, 1925.

WILFRED FoURNEss 

